A Collector’s Guide to the Most Beautiful Staghorn Fern Varieties

A Staghorn fern is one of the most fascinating and striking plants you can add to your collection. With their majestic, antler-like fronds and epiphytic growth habit, these plants command attention in any setting. The unique structure and low-maintenance nature of staghorn ferns make them perfect for both seasoned plant lovers and beginners alike. If you’re ready to dive into the world of these captivating plants, this post will help you discover other staghorn beauties

What Are Staghorn Ferns?

Staghorn ferns, scientifically known as Platycerium, are epiphytic plants native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia, and South America. They belong to the fern family and, unlike traditional plants, don’t grow in soil. Instead, they cling to tree trunks, rocks, or other surfaces and absorb moisture and nutrients from the air around them. Their name comes from the large, antler-like fronds that resemble a stag’s horns, giving them a striking and exotic appearance.

These ferns are typically grown as ornamental plants, either mounted on boards or hanging in baskets. Their aesthetic appeal lies in their dual frond system, which includes sterile shield fronds (that grow flat against the mounting surface) and fertile, horn-like fronds that give them their characteristic look.

Staghorn Fern Species

There are several species of staghorn ferns, each with its own unique characteristics. Here’s a look at some of the most popular varieties:

1. Platycerium bifurcatum

This is perhaps the most well-known and widely grown species of staghorn fern. Native to Australia and New Guinea, Platycerium bifurcatum is relatively easy to care for, making it a great choice for beginners. Its fronds are broad and bifurcated (split), giving it the classic antlered appearance. This species can tolerate a wide range of humidity levels and light conditions, though it thrives in bright, indirect light and high humidity. Photo by: brutisadrag

2. Platycerium superbum

If you’re looking for a staghorn fern that makes a statement, Platycerium superbum is the one. Known for its massive shield fronds that can grow over a meter wide, this Australian native is nothing short of spectacular. It has a single, large fertile frond that shoots upward and can create a stunning centerpiece in any collection. However, it can be a bit more challenging to care for, requiring high humidity and careful attention to watering. Photo by: lukersplants

3. Platycerium veitchii

For those living in drier climates, Platycerium veitchii is an excellent option. This species is adapted to arid conditions and has silvery, furry fronds that help protect it from the sun and retain moisture. Native to Australia, P. veitchii can tolerate more direct light than other species, making it a good choice for bright spots in your home or garden. Photo by: the_tribus_studio

4. Platycerium grande

Hailing from the Philippines, Platycerium grande is known for its impressive size and unique growth habit. This species features long, cascading fronds that can reach up to three feet in length, creating a dramatic, waterfall-like effect. It requires a bit more care than P. bifurcatum, needing higher humidity levels and consistent moisture to thrive. Photo by: plants.with.ed

5. Platycerium elephantotis

As the name suggests, Platycerium elephantotis has large, elephant ear-like shield fronds that grow flat against its mounting surface. This species is native to Africa and thrives in warm, humid environments. It is less tolerant of dry conditions and needs consistent moisture and humidity to grow well. Photo by: pierre_fortune_

6. Platycerium hillii

This Australian species is smaller and more compact compared to some of the other staghorn ferns. Platycerium hillii is characterized by its rounded, shield-like fronds and narrower, antler-like fertile fronds. It’s relatively easy to care for and can tolerate lower humidity levels, making it a good option for indoor spaces. Photo by: natto99

How to Care for Staghorn Ferns

Now that you’re familiar with the different species, let’s dive into how to care for these beautiful plants. While staghorn ferns can be a bit different from your typical houseplant, they aren’t too difficult to maintain once you understand their needs.

1. Mounting and Displaying Staghorn Ferns

When displaying your staghorn fern, make sure to place it in an area that provides adequate support, as some species can grow quite large and heavy. They also benefit from good air circulation, so a spot with good ventilation is ideal.

2. Light Requirements

Staghorn ferns prefer bright, indirect light, similar to the dappled sunlight they would receive in their natural habitat. Too much direct sunlight can scorch the fronds, while too little light can cause slow growth or dull-colored fronds. A north or east-facing window is usually a good spot, but be sure to monitor how your fern reacts to the light and adjust its position if necessary.

3. Watering and Humidity

Watering staghorn ferns can be a bit tricky since they don’t grow in soil. Instead, they absorb moisture through their fronds and roots. The key is to mimic the humid, tropical environment these ferns are used to. Water your staghorn fern by soaking the base (including the moss) in water for about 10–20 minutes once a week, or more often in dry conditions.

Humidity is also crucial for staghorn ferns. Most species thrive in humidity levels of 60–80%, which can be achieved by misting the plant regularly, placing a humidifier nearby, or growing them in naturally humid rooms like bathrooms or kitchens.

4. Fertilizing

Staghorn ferns are light feeders and don’t require heavy fertilization. You can feed them with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength once a month during the growing season (spring and summer). Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to burnt fronds or other issues.

5. Pruning and Maintenance

Pruning is generally not necessary for staghorn ferns, but you may want to remove any dead or damaged fronds to keep the plant looking its best. When pruning, be careful not to cut into the healthy parts of the plant, as this can cause damage.

Additionally, check your plant regularly for pests like scale or mealybugs, which can sometimes be attracted to the ferns. If you notice any pests, treat them with a gentle insecticidal soap or neem oil.

Common Problems and Solutions

Like all plants, staghorn ferns can encounter a few issues from time to time. Here are some common problems and how to fix them:

Brown or crispy fronds: This is often a sign of underwatering or too much direct sunlight. Try increasing the humidity around your plant and ensuring it’s not in direct sunlight.
Yellowing fronds: This can indicate overwatering or poor drainage. Make sure the base of your fern is drying out between waterings, and consider mounting it on a surface that allows for better air circulation.
Slow growth: If your staghorn fern isn’t growing as quickly as you’d like, it could be due to insufficient light. Try moving it to a brighter spot with indirect sunlight.

Why Staghorn Ferns Make Great Houseplants

There are plenty of reasons why staghorn ferns are a fantastic addition to any home. Not only are they visually stunning, but they also bring a unique, sculptural element to your indoor space. Their epiphytic nature makes them perfect for mounting on walls, allowing you to create living art displays. Plus, with proper care, these plants can live for decades, becoming a long-lasting part of your collection.